If during the Cold War, the USSR was dominating the Black Sea region, after the communism implosion it loses hegemony in favour of the regional powers ( Turkey and Ukraine) or of the local ones such as Romania and Bulgaria and, from a great global power it becomes a regional one, also affected by major problems. By the accession of Romania and Bulgaria in NATO and the EU, these organizations have changed, along with Turkey, the ratio of forces and, the energy stakes and conflicts in this region have greatly stimulated this space from a geopolitical, geo-economic and geostrategic point of view. Since Ukraine became, after the collapse of the USSR, a regional power courted by the West but closely supervised by its "sister Russia" as a result of the serious fracture of Western Ukraine and Eastern Ukraine, geopolitical and geostrategic issues have become particularly dangerous for Eastern Europe and beyond. The main beneficiary of the last 23 years of the Black Sea region is Turkey, being the owner of the straits Bosphorous and Dardanelles, with access to three seas, and within NATO with the second army in what concerns the number of troops. By the agreement of the riparian states and other countries, the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation was founded in 1992, in order to contribute to the economic, political, diplomatic development, diminish conflicts and mitigate nationalisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
