An important aspect of the book is its thoughtful integration of both the conceptual and empirical perspectives on the process of retail internationalization. It thoughtfully provides critical assessment of the current growth of international retail by examining the process of internationalization within the context of a retail organization's strategic planning. Based on this framework the experiences of a number of major retail organizations can be evaluated : Inditex-Zara, Carrefour, Boots Group PLC, Royal Ahold, Tesco.